Heat olive oil in a large pot or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add the diced onion and cook for 4–5 minutes until softened and translucent. Add the minced garlic and grated ginger, stirring constantly for another 60 seconds until fragrant. This aromatic base is the flavor foundation of your soup.
Add the turmeric, cumin, coriander, smoked paprika, black pepper, and cayenne directly to the pot. Stir continuously for 30–45 seconds, letting the spices toast in the oil. This technique — called “blooming” — unlocks fat-soluble flavor compounds and intensifies the golden color of your soup dramatically.
Pour in the rinsed red lentils, diced tomatoes, coconut milk, and vegetable broth. Stir everything together until well combined. Bring the mixture to a gentle boil, then reduce the heat to low-medium. Cover partially with a lid and simmer for 20–25 minutes, stirring occasionally, until lentils are completely soft.
For a creamy, velvety texture, use an immersion blender to partially blend the soup directly in the pot. Blend about half the soup to create a thick, luscious base while keeping some lentil texture for substance. Alternatively, transfer a portion to a blender and return it to the pot.
Stir in the baby spinach or chopped kale and let it wilt for 2–3 minutes. Squeeze in the fresh lemon juice and taste for seasoning. Adjust salt, pepper, or lemon as needed. The lemon juice is non-negotiable — it lifts the entire flavor profile and balances the richness of the coconut milk beautifully.
Ladle the soup into bowls and top with fresh cilantro, a drizzle of olive oil, a pinch of red chili flakes, and an extra squeeze of lemon if desired. Serve immediately with warm crusty bread or fluffy naan on the side.